What is the capability of a radar system to differentiate between multiple targets at the same distance known as?

The capability of a radar system to differentiate between multiple targets at the same distance is best described as spatial resolution. Spatial resolution refers to the ability of a radar system to distinguish between two or more items that are close together in space. It is crucial for effective target identification and tracking, especially in environments where multiple objects may be present, such as in surveillance or air traffic control.

In practice, spatial resolution is influenced by various factors including the radar's wavelength and the size of the antennas used. A radar system with better spatial resolution can more effectively separate and identify individual targets that are within a similar range, thus enhancing situational awareness.

Other terms like range resolution and target discrimination are related concepts but do not specifically refer to the ability to distinguish targets based solely on their position in space. Azimuth separation relates to the differentiation of targets based on angular position rather than linear distance, making it distinct from the concept of spatial resolution.