In missile systems, what does "guidance" refer to?

In missile systems, "guidance" specifically refers to the systems that direct a missile towards its target after it has been launched. This process involves using various technologies and methodologies to ensure that the missile follows a trajectory that will hit the intended target. These systems can include inertial navigation, satellite navigation, and terminal guidance methods, depending on the complexity and type of missile system being discussed.

The guidance system is crucial because it allows the missile to make adjustments to its flight path based on real-time data and sensors. This may involve correcting for wind, trajectory deviations, or evasive maneuvers performed by the target. Without an effective guidance system, the missile would not be able to accurately reach its target, rendering it ineffective despite having a functioning launch mechanism and propulsion system.